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GDB PSY101

GDB PSY101

 Question:

Alfred Adler suggested that the birth order of an individual has an effect on the personality. Do you agree with Adler? Justify your answer using sound and logical arguments.

 

Answer:

Adler believed that birth order had a significant and predictable impact on a child's personality; Birth order is considered by some researchers and psychologists to be one of the most powerful influences on personality, along with genetics, gender, temperament and parenting styles.

Adler's theory that the primary motivation behind human behavior is to overcome feelings of inferiority by aspiring to become superior or perfect. Adlerian therapy is an evidence-based approach that can be applied successfully in the treatment of any type of psychological disorder or mental illness

Adlerian theory is a cross between nature and nurture. Those who adhere to Adler's theories believe that neither nature nor nurture affects a person's behaviors. Instead, a person responds to both nature and nurture. This, in turn, shapes them and their life.

Adults with HFA have low social interests and rigid beliefs which easily make them feel depressed when they suffer stress; their condition can be improved through Adlerian therapy.

Adlerian therapy consists of four stages: engagement, assessment, insight, and reorientation. In Adler's theory, individuals work to overcome feelings of inferiority and to act in ways that benefit the social interest.

Adlerian therapy can be effective intervention in reducing the severity of clinical symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Application of this intervention is recommended to clinicians for reducing GAD symptoms in students.

GDB Introduction to Sociology101

 

GDB Introduction to Sociology101

 write down any five recommendations in detail to improve the education system of Pakistan.

Initially, building better education system in Pakistan is supporting academia. This can be accomplished primarily by following the National Curriculum of Pakistan and developing syllabi based on it. The syllabi should be equipped to make use of achievable Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs), which clearly define what a student’s takeaway from each topic on any given subject should be. The syllabus, thus, serves as a guide for both students and teachers to determine what material they must cover as part of their learning and prevents reliance on a single textbook. Moreover, this measure allows for a fully transparent playing field that charts a complete course of studies, ensuring students will always be aware of what material they will be assessed on.

While supporting teaching and learning is necessary, it is also important to emphasize that both processes can be continually iterated and improved on. One of the key ways to do this is for examination bodies to provide regular feedback to schools in the form of comprehensive, systematic analysis of school achievements and results. This feedback could potentially compare the performance of each school with others and offer an interpretation of these results along with suggestions on areas where the school might be able to improve. Collectively, data from multiple schools could also be relevant to larger education departments as it illustrates trends in both student understanding as well as teacher performance across a wide selection of schools.

•             A large amount of data acquired through assessment is a good source of conducting quantitative research to develop insights into how both students and teachers approach learning. This evidence-based classroom research data can be utilized to make informed decisions on matters such as identifying gaps, learning from mistakes, and developing intervention/solution strategies. Moreover, the process of sharing classroom research can also provide collaborative opportunities for educational bodies to coordinate and learn from one another.

Mgt 411 MONEY & BANKING (MGT411) ASSIGNMENT NO. 01

  MONEY & BANKING (MGT411)

 ASSIGNMENT NO. 01

 

 Question: (2*5=10 marks)

 

On the basis of information provided below in a bank’s balance sheet; you are required to calculate following ratios:

 

 Net Profit after Tax

 Return on Equity (ROE)

 Leverage Ratio

 Debt to Equity ratio

 Advances to Deposits ratio

Bank XYZ                                                          Balance Sheet                                                                As at ---------                                                                                                                                                     (Amount in Rs.)       Assets Liabilities     Securities                                     100,000 Deposits                                           450,000     Loans                                           500,000 Borrowings                                      150,000   Reserves                                       50,000                                                       Capital                                          50,000 Total=                                          =650,000 Total=                                           =650,000

 

 Additional Information:

Return on Assets (ROA) ratio of the bank is 4%.

 

 

 

A   A)  Net profit after tax:

ROA=  Net profit after tax/ Bank Total Assets

Net profit after tax = ROA* Bank Total Assets

ROA= 4% =4/100=0.04

Net profit after tax= 0.04*650000=26000

Net profit after tax= 26000

 

     B)  Return on Equity ratio ROE:

ROE= Net profit after tax/ Bank Capital

 ROE = 26000/50000

=0.52

 

      c) Leverage Ratio:

Leverage ratio = Bank Total Assets/Bank capital

 Leverage Ratio = 650000/50000

Leverage Ratio= 13

 

       D) Debt To Equity Ratio:

Debt To Equity Ratio = Total Debts/Bank Capital

Debt To Equity Ratio= 150000/50000

Debt to Equity Ratio =3

 

      v)  Advance to Deposit Ratio:

 Advance to deposit ratio = Total Advances/Total Deposits

Advance to deposit ratio = 500000/450000

Advance to Deposit ratio = 1.1

                                         Best Wishes

 

IT430: E-Commerce Assignment No. 02 Semester Spring 2022

  

Assignment No. 02   Semester Spring 2022

                                              IT430: E-Commerce

 

Solution:

 

 

Sr. No.	E-business	E-Business Model	E-Business Revenue Model	Justification
1	Netflix	Online Entertainment  Model	Digital content revenue	Netflix is one of best production company and entertain the world, no matter where you live. Netflix give you access tv series, documentaries and features films etc.
2	Coursera Inc.	E-Learning Model	Fee for service revenue	Coursera is the E-learning model which provide online course and online certifications etc. Its charge for service revenue.
3	Swiggy	Online Shopping  Model	Fee for transaction revenue	Swiggy is the best platform for offering online restaurants. It is easy way to search to find everything.
4	Marham	Portal Model	Fee for service revenue	Portal model of booking appointment online with  favourate doctor just in one click and its e-business model is fee for service revenue.
5	Hamariweb	Online News Model	Advertising Supported revenue	It is the best plateform for updated news, business and finance update and live cricket update and many more just on one click. This model is advertising supported revenue.

 

MGT201 GDB Spring2022 Virtual Guidance

 

                                                  MGT201 GDB Spring2022

 

1.        Calculation of Intrinisic value of a Bond=?

 

In this case  this is perpetual bond because it is issued for infinite time period.

 

Formula for calculation o intrinsic value of a perpetual Bond

 

V=Interest/required rate

 

Values given

 

Face value=1000

 

Annual coupon=12%

 

Market Price M.P=980

 

Required rate of return(r)=15%

 

Putting values in formula of Intrinsic value of a perpetual bond for calculation

 

First of all calculate interest

 

Interest =  1000 X 12%

 

Interest = 1000 X 12/100

 

Interest = 120

 

V = Interest/required rate

 

V = 120/15%

 

V = 120/15 X 100

 

V = 800

 

MP = 980

 

IV = 800

 

M.P > Intrinsic value

 

Intrinsic value of a perpetual bond is Overvalued.

 

2.        Calculation of intrinsic value of a preferred Stock =?

 

Given values

 

Face value = 80 per share

 

Annual dividend = 10%

 

Market Price = 75

 

Required Rate of Return = 15%

 

Formula for calculation of Intrinsic value of a preferred stock

 

V=D/r

 

V = Dividend/required rate

 

First of all calculate value of Dividend

 

 Dividend = 80 X 10%

 

Dividend = 80 X 10/100

 

Dividend = 8

 

Putting values in Equation

 

V =8/15%

 

V = 8/15 X 100

 

V = 53.33

 

MP = 75

 

IV = 53.33

 

M.P > Intrinsic value

 

Intrinsic value for preferred stock is Overvalued.

 

 

3.        Calculation of Intrinsic value of a common stock with constant growth = ?

 

Given values

 

Face value = 100 per share

 

Last year Dividend D = 10%

 

Growth rate (g) = 5%

 

Market value = 80

 

Required rate of return(r) = 15%

 

Formula for calculation of Intrinsic value of a common stock with constant growth

 

 V = D1/r-g

 

D1 = Next years dividend

 

D1 = ?

 

D1 = D0(1+g)

 

D1 = 10(1+5%)

 

D1 = 10.5

 

Putting values in Intrinsic value eqation

 

V =D1/r-g

 

V = 10.5/15%-5%

 

V = 10.5/10%

 

V = 105

 

MP = 80

 

IV = 105

 

M.P < Intrinsic value

 

So Intrinsic value for common stock is Undervalued.

 

 

Part B Solution:

 

According to calculations of three stocks we have concluded that result that IV of

 

Common stock is preferable.

 

Due to following resons

 

1.      When IV < Market price it is not profitable

 

2.      When IV > Market price it is profitable

 

3.      It is greater that market price ony in common stock case and it is undervalued.

 

4.       So common stock with constant growth is recommended.